GM-CSF ELISA

Granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a small glycoprotein growth factor which stimulates the production and function of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes (3) GM-CSF can be produced by a wide variety of tissue types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, T-cells, macrophages, mesothelial cells, epithelial cells and many types of tumor cells. In most of these tissues, inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis, factor or endotoxin, are patent inducers of GM-CSF gene expression, which occurs at least partly by post-transcriptional modification of the GM-CSF mRNA. The biological effects of GM-CSF are mediated through binding to cell surface receptors, which appear to be widely expressed by hematopoietic cells and also by some non-hematopoietic cells, such as endothelial cells. At least two different functional classes of GM-CSF receptor have been identified. The neutrophil GM-CSF receptor exclusively binds GM-CSF, while interleukin-3 competes for binding of GM-CSF to a second class of receptors detected on some leukemic cell lines. Monitoring of GM-CSF has been found relevant in human prostate cancer, poorly healing wounds, thyroid carcinoma, severe mucositis, fungal infections, AIDS, bone marrow transplantation, renal cell carcinoma and prostate cancer, acute lymphoblastic leukemia pulmonary inflammation, hematological malignancies, infection, lung cancer. Synonyms: Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, Colony stimulating factor, CSF, Sargramostim, Molgramostin